Match the Column:

Matrix:

Column I

Column II
(a)
Civil Disobedience Movement
(i)
1919
(b)
Non-Cooperation Movement
(ii)
1917
(c)
Khilafat Movement
(iii)
1920
(d)
First Satyagraha
(iv)
1930

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a-iv; b-ii; c-iii; d-i

a-ii; b-i; c-iv; d-iii

a-iii; b-i; c-ii; d-iv

a-iv; b-iii; c-i; d-ii

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

The Civil Disobedience Movement - On March 12, 1930, a huge group of people, led by Mahatma Gandhi from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, a seaside village in Gujarat, breached the salt embargo by producing salt from seawater. This Salt March initiated the Civil Disobedience Movement. Mahatma Gandhi led the Satyagraha in reaction to the British government's salt tariff in India.

Non- Cooperation Movement - On September 5, 1920, the Indian National Congress (INC), led by Mahatma Gandhi, launched the Non-Cooperation Movement. It signified the start of a new era in the history of the Indian war for independence.

The Khilafat Movement (1919–1922) - The Khilafat movement was led by the Ali Brothers (Maulana Mohammed Ali and Maulana Shaukat Ali), Maulana Azad, Hakim Ajmal Khan, and Hasrat Mohani. It got Mahatma Gandhi's assistance in persuading the British administration not to abolish the Caliphate.

Gandhi's first Satyagraha movement in India, the Champaran Satyagraha of 1917, is a watershed moment in the Indian independence movement. Satyagraha emphasised the significance of truth and the necessity to seek it. It meant physical violence was not essential to resist the oppressor, even if the cause and struggle were for justice.

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