Mention two main features of a civilization.

Two main features of a civilization are urbanization and organized governance.

Urbanization refers to the development of cities that serve as cultural, political, and economic centers. Cities like Mohenjo-Daro in the Indus Valley or Thebes in Egypt symbolized advanced planning and architecture. Organized governance involves the establishment of leadership, laws, and institutions to manage resources and maintain social order. Civilizations also often have additional features such as a written language, social hierarchy, and artistic expression. These characteristics distinguish civilizations from simpler societies and highlight humanity’s capacity for structured, cooperative living aimed at collective progress and stability.