Name a compound that produces carbon dioxide on heating

When metal carbonates are heated, they decompose to release carbon dioxide gas. During this decomposition, the metal carbonate or bicarbonate breaks down into a metal oxide and carbon dioxide. The stability of metal carbonates is linked to their position in the activity series. The higher a metal is in the activity series, the more reactive it is, and consequently, the more stable its carbonate will be.

For instance, copper carbonate is more likely to decompose upon heating and release carbon dioxide than sodium carbonate, which requires a much higher temperature to decompose.

Additional Notes:

The stability of metal carbonates can be tested by heating the carbonate and passing the released carbon dioxide through limewater. The faster the limewater turns milky, the faster the substance decomposes.

Bicarbonates (or hydrogen carbonates) are intermediate compounds in the decomposition of carbonic acid, playing a vital role in biochemical processes such as the physiological pH buffering system. Around 70% to 80% of the carbon dioxide in the body is converted into carbonic acid, which is the conjugate acid of the bicarbonate anion, and can quickly turn back into it.