Name India’s first satellite.

India’s first satellite is Aryabhata, launched on April 19, 1975. Named after the ancient Indian mathematician and astronomer Aryabhata, it marked India’s entry into the space age. The satellite was built by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and launched by the Soviet Union using a Kosmos-3M rocket from Kapustin Yar. Aryabhata’s mission objectives included studying X-ray astronomy and solar physics. Though the satellite’s power system failed after five days, the mission was a major milestone for India, establishing its capacity to design, develop, and manage space technology independently for future scientific missions.