Name the chronic respiratory disorder caused mainly by cigarette smoking.

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Emphysema

Respiratory acidosis

Asthma

Respiratory alkalosis

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

Emphysema is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that is caused mainly by cigarette smoking. The toxins
and irritants in the cigarette smoke cause inflammation in the lungs, leading to the destruction of the alveoli walls.
(1) Respiratory acidosis is a condition in which failure of ventilation causes a buildup of carbon dioxide in the body,
leading to a decrease in the pH of the blood (increase in acidity).

(2) Respiratory alkalosis is a condition in which hyperventilation causes decrease in the level of carbon dioxide in the body, leading to an increase in the pH of the blood (increase in alkalinity).

(4) Asthma is a chronic lung condition characterised by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making it difficult to breathe.

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