Name the female reproductive organs and state their functions?

The human female reproductive system includes ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina, and external genitalia (vulva); supporting glands and the mammary glands have related roles.

• Ovaries: Paired gonads that produce ova (oocytes) and secrete hormones (estrogen, progesterone, inhibin). They contain follicles that mature cyclically; ovulation releases a secondary oocyte.
• Fallopian tubes (uterine tubes/oviducts): Receive the ovulated oocyte; fertilization typically occurs in the ampulla. Ciliated epithelium and peristalsis move the zygote toward the uterus.
• Uterus: Muscular, pear-shaped organ where the embryo implants in the endometrium; supports fetal development and contracts during parturition.
• Cervix: Lower uterine segment opening into the vagina; produces mucus that changes viscosity across the cycle, aiding or impeding sperm passage; dilates during labor.
• Vagina: Elastic canal for copulation, menstrual flow, and birth; maintains acidic pH for defense.
• Vulva (labia majora/minora, clitoris, vestibule): External protection; clitoris has sensory role in sexual response.
• Mammary glands: Not part of the tract, but critical for lactation postpartum, providing nutrition and immunity (colostrum, antibodies) to the newborn.