Name the system shown in the diagram. Identify the parts 1 to 5 in the diagram. (b) Define contraception? Give three benefits of adopting contraceptive measures:

(i)   What are the roles of the prostate gland, seminal vesicle and testes in the human male reproductive system?

(ii)    How is the surgical removal of unwanted pregnancies misused?

(iii)    Describe how oral contraceptives work to prevent pregnancy.

 

(a)    The given diagram is the female reproductive system.

(i)     Fallopian tube or oviduct

(ii)      Ovary

(iii)      Uterus

(iv)     Cervix

(v)     Vagina.

(b)   Contraception aims to prevent pregnancy. For example, a woman can get pregnant if a man's sperm reaches one of her eggs (ova). Contraception tries to prevent this by

keeping the egg and sperm apart or stopping egg production.

Contraception allows them to put off having children until their bodies are fully ready to support a pregnancy. It also can prevent pregnancy for older women who face pregnancy-related risks. Contraceptive prevents unwanted pregnancies and lowers the need for abortion.

Disadvantages of contraception: Periods may stop, be irregular, light, or more frequent. Maybe temporary side effects may arise, such as acne, breast tenderness, weight change, and headaches. May get ovarian cysts.

(i)   Add their secretions so that the sperms are in a fluid, making their transport easier and providing nutrition. In addition, the testes secrete testosterone which brings about changes in the appearance of the boys at the time of puberty.

(ii)    Female foeticides/illegal sex selected abortion of female foeticide.

(iii)    Interfere in the release of eggs, and eggs are not released.