NAND and NOR gates are called universal gates because they:

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Are universally available.

Can be combined to produce OR, AND and NOT gates.

Are widely used in integrated circuits.

Can be easily manufactured.

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Concept: Here we have to find the correct option, thus we know the concept of NAND and NOR gate.
Here, our question is the NAND and NOR gates are called universal gates because
Then
In Boolean algebra, the NAND and NOR gates are called universal gates because they can be combined to produce AND, OR and NOT gate.
Let’s Proof it
Implementation of AND gate using Universal gates.
1) Using NAND gates
The AND gate can be implemented by using two NAND gates in the below fashion:
Question Image

X	Y	F
0	0	0
0	1	0
1	0	0
1	1	1

Using NOR gates
Implementation of AND gate using only NOR gates as shown below:
Question Image

X	Y	F
0	0	0
0	1	0
1	0	1
1	1	0

Implementation of OR gate using Universal gates.
Using NAND gates
The OR gate can be implemented by using NAND gates in the below fashion:
Question Image

Hence, the correct option is 1.

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