On what basis does the formation of new species occur?

The process of speciation, which can occur as a result of a number of factors, is primarily responsible for the formation of new species.

Physical barriers, such as geographic isolation or reproductive barriers, can obstruct gene flow between populations, resulting in the evolution of distinct species over time.

Genetic Drift i.e., the Variations in the frequency of genetic traits within a population can cause genetic divergence and the emergence of new species.

Natural Selection, differential survival and reproduction based on advantageous traits can result in the evolution of new species over time.

The formation of new species is not solely dependent on the ecosystem. Natural selection can lead to the evolution of certain traits that allow a species to better adapt to its environment, and the ecosystem provides the environment in which species interact and compete for resources.