Ornithine cycle removes two waste products from the blood in liver. These products are

Carbon dioxide and ammonia undergo ornithine cycle in the liver cells. Ornithine cycle is responsible for detoxifying ammonia and forming urea in the liver. Here's a summarised breakdown of the process:

• Deamination: Extra proteins in the body are broken down in a process called deamination. In this step, the amino group (NH₂) is removed from amino acids, producing ammonia (NH₃) in the liver.
• Formation of carbamoyl phosphate: Ammonia combines with carbon dioxide in the presence of the enzyme carbamoyl phosphate synthase. This reaction requires the input of two molecules of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and leads to the formation of carbamoyl phosphate.
• Conversion to citrulline: Carbamoyl phosphate is transformed into citrulline by the enzyme ornithine transcarbamoylase.
• Formation of argininosuccinate: A condensation reaction takes place between the amino group of aspartate and the carbonyl group of citrulline, leading to the formation of argininosuccinate. This reaction is catalysed by the enzyme argininosuccinate synthetase and consumes ATP.
• Cleavage of argininosuccinate: Argininosuccinate undergoes cleavage by the enzyme argininosuccinase, resulting in the formation of arginine and fumarate.
• Formation of urea: Arginine is further cleaved by the enzyme arginase, producing urea and ornithine. Urea is the final product of the urea cycle and is excreted from the body via the kidneys.