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Out of the following, which one will be the genotype of parents of a child with ‘O’ blood group?

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I^{A} I^{A} \times I^{B} I^{B}

I^{A} i^{} \times I^{A} I^{A}

I^{B} i^{} \times I^{B} I^{B}

I^{A} i^{} \times I^{B} i

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Concept- Blood group is determined by the gene ‘I’, it has 3 alleles A, B and O. Out of these three, A(allele

I^{A}

) and B (allele

I^{B}

) are dominant and O (allele

i

) is recessive. Let us look at the options now.
1)

I^{A} I^{A} \times I^{B} I^{B}

: In this cross,

I^{A} I^{A}

will produce gamete

I^{A}

and

I^{B} I^{B}

will produce

I^{B}

as gamete. So, all the progenies will have genotype

I^{A} I^{B}

and the blood group will be AB.
2)

I^{A} i^{} \times I^{A} I^{A}

: When we look at this cross, we can see that one of the parent will produce 2 different gametes (

I^{A}

and

i

) and the other will give

I^{A}

. So, the progenies can either have genotype

I^{A} i^{}

I^{A} I^{A}

but the phenotype or the blood group will be ‘A’ only, because A is dominant over O. 3)

I^{B} i^{} \times I^{B} I^{B}

: Similarly, in ths case the blood group of all progenies will be B.
4)

I^{A} i^{} \times I^{B} i

: Now, as we can already guess that both parents are going to produce 2 different gametes that is -

I^{A}

i

and

I^{B}

i

respectively. Thus, the genotypes of offsprings would be either

I^{A} i

I^{A} I^{B}

I^{B} i

ii

. Therefore, the progeny can have either of the following blood group- A, B, AB or O.
As we can see, only in the last option the progeny can have O blood group, so this will be the right answer.
Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

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