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Q.

Out of 3n consecutive integers, three are selected at random. The chance that their sum is divisible by 3 is 

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a

3n23n+2(3n1)(3n2)

b

3n23n+2n(3n1)(3n2)

c

n3(3n1)(n2)(n3)

d

None of these

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Let 3n consecutive integers be 

N+1,N+2,N+3,..,N+3n(starting with the integer N)

We write these 3n numbers in 3 rows as following;

N+1,N+4,N+7,,N+3n2N+2,N+5,N+8,,N+3n1N+3,N+6,N+9,.,N+3n

The sum of three selected number will be divisible by 3 it either all three belong to the same row or all three belong to different rows. So, the favourable no. of cases 

=3 nC3+ nC1 nC1 nC1

=3n(n1)(n2)3!+n3=3n33n2+2n2

Also, the total no of cases

=3nC3=3n(3n1)(3n2)3!=n(3n1)(3n2)2!

 Required probability 

   =3n33n2+2n2n(3n1)(3n2)2=3n23n+2(3n1)(3n2)

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