p-nitrophenol and o-nitrophenol are separated by

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Crystallisation

Fractional crystallisation

Distillation

Steam distillation

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

o-nitro phenol has intra molecular hydrogen bonding, while p-nitrophenol has intermolecular hydrogen bonding (comparatively stronger). Due to this reason, the boiling point of o-nitrophenol is found quite less than that of p-nitrophenol. Hence, o-nitrophenol is steam volatile and can be separated fromp-nitrophenol by steam distillation.

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