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Q.
Read the case/source given and answer the questions that follow by choosing the correct option.
Will Thorne is one of those who went in search of seasonal work, loading bricks and doing odd jobs. He describes how job-seekers walked to London in search of work: ‘I had always wanted to go to London, and my desire was stimulated by letters from an old workmate, who was now working at the Old Kent Road Gas Works. I finally decided to go in November 1881. With two friends, I started to walk the journey, filled with the hope that we would be able to obtain employment when we got there, with the kind assistance of my friend. We had little money when we started, not enough to pay for our food and lodgings each night until we arrived in London. Some days we walked as much as twenty miles, other days less. Our money was gone at the end of the third day. For two nights, we slept out—once under a haystack and once in an old farm shed. On arrival in London, we tried to find my friend but were unsuccessful. Our money was gone, so there was nothing for us to do but walk around until late at night and then try to find someplace to sleep. We found an old building and slept in it that night. The next day, Sunday, late in the afternoon, we got to the Old Kent Gas Works and applied for work. To my great surprise, the man we had been looking for was working at the time. He spoke to the foreman, and I was given a job’.
What was the possibility of getting a job with an abundance of labour in cities such as London?
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c
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Detailed Solution
Poor peasants and vagrants travelled long distances and relocated to cities searching for work. The demand for workers in many industries, including bookbinders, printers, work in gas works, and breweries, was seasonal. Although there were plenty of labourers, their wages were low. Industries and factories preferred human labour because it was comparatively cheaper than investing massive capital in setting up machinery. Thus established networks of kin and friendship were necessary for employment.


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