Read the following statement. 

I. In a food chain, there is a multidirectional flow of energy from the sun to producers, consumers, and decomposers. 

II. Shorter food chains provide more energy as compared to longer food chains. 

III. In an ecosystem, no food chain is independent. 

IV. If 100 joules of energy are available at the producer level, then the amount of energy present at the level of the secondary consumer is 10 joules. 

Which of these statements are correct? 

• A food chain is a linear series of organisms in which one organism eats another organism and in turn is eaten by another organism. This allows the energy and nutrients to move from one to the next.
• It all starts with autotrophs, which can create their own food using sunlight and atmospheric carbon dioxide.
• They are the foundation of all food systems. The energy passes from autotrophs to heterotrophs, which feed on autotrophs. 
• Primary consumers are heterotrophs such as herbivores that devour vegetation. Carnivores consume herbivores.
• They are referred to as secondary consumers, and so on.
• Decomposers break down and devour dead matter, forming a secondary food chain to the main food chain.
• All food chains are linked together to form the food web. A food web with overlapping food chains depicts the various things an organism can consume and be consumed by. 
• As a result, the solar energy consumed by autotrophs moves in just one direction. Each consumer level is referred to as a trophic level. Energy transfer reduces with each trophic level as energy is lost at each level.
• As a result, shorter food chains contain more energy than longer food chains.

Hence, option B is the correct answer.