Q.

Read the following statements and select the correct option.
(A) Mitosis takes place in the somatic cells and meiosis takes place in the germ cells. 
(B) During mitosis, the DNA replication occurs once for one cell division and in meiosis the DNA replicates twice for two cell divisions.
(C) Mitosis and meiosis occur both in sexually and asexually reproducing organisms.

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a

B only 

b

A and B only 

c

A and C only 

d

A only 

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

(A) This statement is generally correct. Mitosis, the process of cell division resulting in two genetically identical daughter cells, occurs in somatic cells, which are non-reproductive cells. Meiosis, on the other hand, occurs in germ cells (such as sperm and egg cells), resulting in the formation of gametes with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
(B) This statement is incorrect. During mitosis, DNA replication occurs once, resulting in two identical sister chromatids per chromosome. In meiosis, DNA replication also occurs once during the S phase, similar to mitosis. However, there are two rounds of cell division (meiosis I and meiosis II), resulting in the formation of four haploid daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
(C) is incorrect.  Meiosis, on the other hand, is specific to sexual reproduction and is involved in the formation of gametes. 

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