Read the following statements.
Statement (A): Humans have the ability to produce concentrated urine.
Statement (B): Majority of the nephrons in the human kidney have very long loops of Henle and well-developed vasa recta which are involved in counter current mechanism.
In the light of given statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

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Both A and B are correct.

A is false, but B is true.

A is true, but B is false.

Both A and B are false.

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

Humans have the ability to produce concentrated urine. Humans have the capacity to produce concentrated urine due to the intricate structure and function of their nephrons, particularly the juxtamedullary nephrons. This ability allows the kidneys to regulate water balance in response to varying hydration levels.
The majority of nephrons in the human kidney are cortical nephrons. These nephrons have shorter loops of Henle that do not extend deep into the medulla. Additionally, the vasa recta, specialised capillaries surrounding the loop of Henle, are either reduced or absent in cortical nephrons. Juxtamedullary nephrons, on the other hand, have longer loops of Henle and well-developed vasa recta, which enable them to establish concentration gradients and concentrate urine more effectively.

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