Read the following statements.

Statement I : Emphysema is a chronic disorder in which the size of lung alveoli decreases.

Statement II : Emphysema is caused due to chronic cigarette smoking.

In light of given statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct.

Emphysema is actually characterised by the destruction of lung tissue, particularly the alveoli, leading to enlargement of the air sacs rather than a decrease in size.

Emphysema is primarily caused by chronic exposure to irritants, most commonly cigarette smoke. The toxins in cigarette smoke lead to inflammation and destruction of the alveolar walls, which contributes to the pathophysiology of emphysema.