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Q.

Read the given extract/source/passage carefully and answer the question that follows:


Democracies are based on political equality. All individuals have equal weight in electing representatives. Parallel to the process of bringing individuals into the political arena on an equal footing, we find growing economic inequalities. A small number of ultra-rich enjoy a highly disproportionate share of wealth and incomes. Not only that, their share in the total income of the country has been increasing. Those at the bottom of society have very little to depend upon. Their incomes have been declining. Sometimes they find it difficult to meet their basic needs in life, such as food, clothing, housing, education and health. In actual life, democracies do not appear to be very successful in reducing economic inequalities. At the same time, this system allows a variety of interests and opinions to enjoy political representation. ‘The poor constitute a large proportion of our voters and no party will like to lose their votes. Yet democratically elected governments do not appear to be as keen to address the question of poverty as you would expect them to. ‘The situation is much worse in some other countries. In Bangladesh, more than half of its population lives in poverty. People in several poor countries are now dependent on the rich countries even for food supplies


All individuals have [[1]] weight in electing representatives.


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Detailed Solution

The individuals of the country have equal weight in electing representatives.
Democratic governments are those in which actual power is vested in the people but is exercised by governmental authorities. In the democratic system, people choose their representatives. Everyone has the right to vote irrespective of caste, creed, sex, colour, etc. Every citizen has one vote, which in no way differs from the vote of any other citizen. This type of government encourages the participation of people in the decision-making process through elections and voting. The political institutions in democracies, like the legislature and executive, get their power from the people. Hence, democratic governments depend on political equality. Political equality in the literal sense means:
1)      Citizens have a fair opportunity to choose their representatives.
2)      Citizens must have equal access to governmental policies and laws irrespective of their community.
Hence, all citizens have an equal opportunity to contest elections and choose their representatives equally. Citizens have equal weight in the election process as they elect representatives themselves.
 
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