Q.

Read the passage below and answer the following questions:
Oxidation-reduction reactions are commonly known as redox reactions. They involve transfer of electrons from one species to another. In a spontaneous reaction, energy is released which can be used to do useful work. The reaction is split into two half reactions. Two different containers are used, and a wire is used to drive the electrons from one side to the other and a Voltaic/Galvanic cell is created. It is an electrochemical cell that uses spontaneous redox reactions to generate electricity. A salt bridge also connects to the two half cells. The reading of the voltmeter gives the cell voltage or cell potential or electromotive force. If Ecell°  is positive for the reaction, it is a spontaneous redox reaction and if it is negative, the reaction is non-spontaneous and is referred to as electrolyte cell. Electrolysis refers to the decomposition of a substance by an electric current. One mole of electric charge when passed through a cell will discharge half a mole of divalent metal ion such as Cu+2. This was first formulated by Faraday in the form of law of electrolysis. The conductance of the material is the property of materials due to which a material allows the follow of ions through itself and thus conducts electricity. Conductivity is represented as   and it depends upon the nature and concentration of electrolyte, temperature etc. a more common term molar conductivity of a solution is given at a given concentration is conductance of the volume of solution, containing one mole of electrolyte kept between two electrodes with the unit area of cross-section and distance of unit length. Limiting molar conductivity of weak electrolytes cannot be obtained graphically.
Question Image
(a) Is silver plate cathode or anode ?
(b) What will happen if the salt bridge is removed ?
(c) Why does the electrochemical cell behaves like an electrolytic cell ?
(d) (i) What will happen to the concentration of Zn+2 and Ag+ when Ecell = 0.
(ii) Why does the conductivity of solution decreases with dilution?

OR

(d) The molar conductivity of a 1.5M solution of an electrolyte is found to be 138.9 S cm2mol-1. Calculate the conductivity of the solution.

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Detailed Solution

(a) Silver plate is the cathode.
(b) The electron flow will stop if the salt bridge is removed.

(c) When Ecell° is negative, the electrochemical cell will behave like an electrolytic cell.
(d) (i) The reaction will be at equilibrium.
(ii) Because the concentration of ion decreases, hence its conductivity decreases.

OR

(d) Λm=1000Mκ
or
κ=ΛmM1000=138.9×1.51000=0.20Scm1

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