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Q.

Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows:


Brandis realised that a proper system had to be introduced to manage the forests and people had to be trained in the science of conservation. This system would need legal sanction. Rules about the use of forest resources had to be framed. The felling of trees and grazing had to be restricted so that forests could be preserved for timber production. Anybody who cut trees without following the system had to be punished. So, Brandis set up the Indian Forest Service in 1864 and helped formulate the Indian Forest Act of 1865. The Imperial Forest Research Institute was set up at Dehradun in 1906. The system they taught here was called 'scientific forestry. Many people now, including ecologists, feel that this system is not scientific at all. In scientific forestry, natural forests which had lots of different types of trees were cut down. In their place, one type of tree was planted in straight rows. This is called a plantation. Forest officials surveyed the forests, estimated the area under different types of trees, and made working plans for forest management. They planned how much of the plantation area to cut every year. The area cut was then to be replanted so that it was ready to be cut again in some years.


When was the Indian Forest Act formed?


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a

1855

b

1875

c

1865

d

1895 

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

The Indian Forest Act was drafted in 1865. The Forest Act was revised twice after it was passed in 1865, once in 1878 and again in 1927. The Forest Act of 1878 classified forests into three types: reserved, protected, and village forests. The best forests became designated as restricted forests. Villagers were not permitted to take anything from these forests, including for personal use. They might use wood from protected or village woods for house construction or fuel. The Forest Act resulted in great hardship for peasants around the country.
 
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