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The first clear expression of nationalism came with the French Revolution in 1789. France, as you would remember, was a full-fledged territorial statute in 1789 under the rule of an absolute monarch. The political and constitutional changes that came in the wake of the French Revolution led to the transfer of sovereignty from the monarchy to a body of French citizens. The revolution proclaimed that it was the people who henceforth constituted the nation and shaped its destiny.
From the very beginning, the French revolutionaries introduced various measures and practices that could create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people. The ideas of la Patrie (the fatherland) and le citoyen (citizen) emphasized the notion of a united community enjoying equal rights under a constitution. A new French flag, the tricolor, was chosen to replace the former royal standard. The Estates-General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly. New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated, all in the name of the nation. A centralized administrative system was put in place and it formulated uniform laws for all citizens within its territory. Internal customs duties and dues were abolished and a uniform system of weights and measures was adopted. Regional dialects were discouraged and French, as it was spoken and written in Paris, became the common language of the nation.
What did the French Revolution try to create from the start?
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Detailed Solution
From the start, French revolutionaries implemented numerous methods and practices to foster a sense of collective identity among the French people. People considered various types of government based on the principles of equality and liberty throughout the Age of Enlightenment, which went against the king's power. As a result, many judged Louis XVI and his failure to manage the country's problems. The French population despised his rule and the history of absolute monarchy in France, which led to a revolution in 1789 at the commencement of the French Revolution.