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Since time immemorial, India has been one of the seafaring countries. Its seaman sailed far and near, thus, carrying and spreading Indian commerce and culture. Waterways are the cheapest means of transport. They are most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky goods. It is a fuel-efficient and environment-friendly mode of transport. India has inland navigation waterways of 14,500 km in length. Out of these, only 5685 km are navigable by mechanised vessels. The following waterways have been declared the National Waterways by the Government.

The Ganga river between Allahabad and Haldia (1620 km)-N.W.No.1.

The Brahmaputra river between Sadiya and Dhubri (891 km)-N.W.No.2.

The West-Coast Canal in Kerala (Kottapuram-Kollam, Udyogmandal and Champakara canals-205 km) – N.W.No.3.

Specified stretches of Godavari and Krishna rivers along with Kakinada Puducherry stretch of canals (1078 km)-N.W.No.4.

Specified stretches of Brahmani along with Matai river, delta channels of Mahanadi and Brahmani rivers and East Coast Canal (588 km)-N.W.No.5.

Answer the following MCQ by choosing the most appropriate option:

What are waterways most suitable for?

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For carrying fish and seafood

For the development of industries depending on waterways

For carrying heavy and bulky goods

None of the above

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

Waterways are most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky goods.
The most cost-effective and environmentally friendly mode of transportation is via water. Inland and ocean waterways have aided in the facilitation of international trade and business. The capacity of waterways is greater than that of any other means of transportation. It's ideal for moving huge items over long distances. Waterways use less fuel, which helps to keep operating costs down. This has contributed to lowering the environmental impact of carbon. Waterways are also used for travel between the islands and the rest of the country and foreign trade.

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