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While the Rowlatt Satyagraha had been a widespread movement, it was still limited mostly to cities and towns. Mahatma Gandhi now felt the need to launch a more broad-based movement in India. But he was certain that no such movement could be organized without bringing the Hindus and Muslims closer together. One way of doing this, he felt, was to take up the Khilafat issue. The First World War ended with the defeat of Ottoman Turkey. And there were rumors that a harsh peace treaty was going to be imposed on the Ottoman emperor, the spiritual head of the Islamic world (the Khalifa). To defend the Khalifa's temporal powers, a Khilafat Committee was formed in Bombay in March 1919. A young generation of Muslim leaders like the brothers Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali began discussing with Mahatma Gandhi the possibility of united mass action on the issue. Gandhiji saw this as an opportunity to bring Muslims under the umbrella of a unified national movement. At the Calcutta session of the Congress in September 1920, he convinced other leaders of the need to start a non-cooperation movement in support of Khilafat as well as for Swaraj.

Which of the following was the main reason behind the launching of the Non-Cooperation Movement?

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An Intiative by Sri Chaitanya

Suppression by the British government

Defeat of Ottoman Empire in World War I

Gandhiji’s Salt Satyagraha

Both major Indian communities were against the government for the first time

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

The main reason behind the Non-Cooperation Movement was that both majort Indian communities were against the government for the first time.
A Non-cooperation movement was formed in 1920 to gain independence from the British colonial authorities. Gandhi's appeal was a nationwide protest against the Rowlatt Act. He decided to unite the two communities, Hindus and Muslims, for a common cause. Thus he took up the Khilafat issue and launched a broad-based movement in India. However, the campaign was disbanded following the incident of Chauri Chaura in February 1922. Nevertheless, the Non-cooperation movement aimed to challenge the economic structure and power of the colonies, and the British authorities were forced to recognise the demands of an independent campaign.

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