Rutherford's alpha particle scattering experiment eventually led to the conclusion that

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electrons occupy space around the nucleus

mass and energy are related

the point of impact with matter can be precisely determined

neutrons are buried deep in the nucleus

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Rutherford’s alpha particle experiment is-

Rutherford passed alpha particles in a gold wire. He observed that most of the alpha particles did not come back and remain undeflected. From this, he concluded that most of the space of the atom is blank or void.

Few alpha particles come back by getting repulsion from a positively charged nucleus. This proves that the center of an atom contains a positively charged nucleus.

Some alpha particles attract by some force, which is electron. Negatively charged electrons attract the positively charged alpha particle. This proves that electrons occupy space around the nucleus.

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