Scientific study of human population is

A. Ecology

B. Demography

C. Vasectomy

D. Laparoscopy

• Ecology is the branch of science that studies interactions between organisms and their environment, which includes both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components. Important ecosystem processes include pedogenesis, nutrient cycling, and primary production.
• Demography is the statistical study of populations, especially human populations. It is widely used in surveys and analytics to understand population trends. Within sociology, demography is an important subfield and is often taught in educational institutions.
• Vasectomy is a medical procedure for male sterilization that provides permanent contraception. In this surgery, the vasa deferentia are cut and tied, preventing sperm from entering the urethra and thereby blocking fertilization.
• Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical technique performed on the abdomen or pelvis using a camera and small incisions. It is commonly used for diagnosis as well as surgical interventions.

Correct answer: Option B — Demography