Seasonal movement of animals from one region to another is
(a) hibernation
(b) migration
(c) aestivation
(d) pollination

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Detailed Solution

Correct answer: (b) Migration

Migration is the seasonal movement of animals from one region to another and back again, usually along predictable routes. It helps animals track favorable conditions—food availability, breeding grounds, or suitable temperatures.

Purpose: Access food (e.g., grazing, fish), find safe breeding/nesting sites, escape extreme weather.
Triggers: Day length (photoperiod), temperature changes, rainfall, and food scarcity.
Examples:
- Birds: Arctic terns travel pole-to-pole; bar-headed geese cross the Himalayas.
- Mammals: Serengeti wildebeest follow seasonal rains.
- Insects: Monarch butterflies move between North America and Mexico.
- Fish: Salmon migrate from ocean to rivers to spawn.
(a) Hibernation: A state of winter dormancy (reduced metabolism) to survive cold and food shortage; not a movement between regions.
(c) Aestivation: A summer dormancy during hot, dry conditions; again, it’s inactivity, not regional movement.
(d) Pollination: Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma in plants; unrelated to animal seasonal movement.