Show balanced chemical equations for calcination vs roasting

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Detailed Solution

Calcination and roasting are two different thermal processes used in metallurgy to extract metals from ores. Both processes involve heating, but the chemical reactions differ.

Calcination

Calcination is a process of heating an ore in the absence of air or with a limited supply of air. It is used to drive off volatile substances like water, carbon dioxide, or sulfur. This process is typically applied to ores that contain carbonates, sulfides, or other non-volatile compounds.

Balanced Chemical Equation for Calcination:

Ore	Reaction
Calcium Carbonate (CaCO₃)	CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂↑
Magnesium Carbonate (MgCO₃)	MgCO₃ → MgO + CO₂↑

Roasting

Roasting involves heating an ore in the presence of oxygen (air). It is commonly used to extract metals from sulfide ores by converting the sulfides into oxides, which can then be reduced to obtain the metal.

Balanced Chemical Equation for Roasting: