Q.

Show that the trajectory of an object thrown at certain angle with the horizontal is a parabola ?

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Detailed Solution

When a body is projected into space at an angle θ (other than 90°) with the horizontal is called projectile.
To prove that the trajectory of a projectile is a parabol a :
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Consider a body projected into air with an initial velocity ’u’ making an angle θ with the horizontal. Initial velocity ’u’ can be resolved into two rectangular components. Horizontal component ux = ucos θ  and vertical component uy = u sinθ .Along horizontal direction there is no acceleration hence the projectile move with uniform velocity along horizontal direction.
Equation for the trajectory of the projectile :
Let the projectile be at the point p(x, y) after time t. x and y are the horizontal and vertical displacements after time t.
Along horizontal direction :
Intial velocity (ux) = ucosθ  acceleration
(ax) = 0 displacement (Sx) = x
Time (t) = t
From
S=ut+12at2Sx=uxt+12axt2
x=(ucosθ)t .....(1) t=xucosθ.....(2)
Along vertical direction
Initial velocity =uy=usinθ
acceleration ay=g
Displacement travelled sy=y
Time (t) = t
S=ut+12at2.(3) Sy=uyt+12ayt2y=u(sinθ)xucosθ12gx2u2cos2θy=tanθxg2u2cos2θx2
Let tanθ=A     ,                g2u2cos2θ=B
y=AxBx2 (A and B are constants )
This is the equation of the trajectory of the projectile

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