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Some of the statements related to valency are given below.
I) It is the combining capacity of an element.
II) It is always a whole number with no charge.
III) It is equal to number of valence electrons in case of sodium, magnesium and aluminum.
IV) For non-metals, valency $= 8 -$ valence electrons.
The correct statements is/are

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I, II and III

III and IV

Only I

I, II, III and IV

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Regarding the valency of an atom of elements the given four statements are true. Ex: For sodium, Na, its valency is 1 ; For Mg, valency is 2.

Note: For elements group V to VIII ,

Valency $= 8 -$ No. of electrons in the outer most orbit

Ex: For oxygen, with E.C is $1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6}, Valency = 8 - 6 = 2$

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