Stanley Miller conducted experiments in 1953 on the prebiotic earth environment, using special apparatus. The surprising primary products were

Oparin of Russia and Haldane of England hypothesised that the initial form of life could have evolved from non-living organic molecules (RNA, protein), and that chemical evolution came first. High temperatures, volcanic storms and a reducing atmosphere with CH₄ and NH₃ were the conditions on the earth.

In continuation of the hypothesis, a laboratory scale was created by S. L. Miller, an American scientist. At 800°C, he produced an electric discharge in a closed flask containing CH₄, H₂, NH₃ and water vapour. He observed the formation of amino acids.