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Q.

State Fajan’s Rules and give suitable examples?

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Detailed Solution

Fajan’s rules are useful to predict the nature of bond formed between two atoms.
i) As the cations size increases the ionic nature of bond also increase.
Ex : Increasing order of size of cations is
Li+<Na+<K+<Rb+<Cs+
So, ionic nature order is
LiCl < NaCl < KCl < RbCl < CsCl.
ii) As the anionic size decreases the Ionic nature
of bond also increases
Ex : Ionic nature order is
CaF2>CaCl2>CaBr2>Cal2 it is due to the order of anion size F-<Cl-<Br-<I-
iii) As the as charge on cation or anion decreases the ionic nature of bond increases.
NaCl is ionic in nature (due to less charge on Na+1 ion)
AlCl3 is covalent in nature (due to highly charged Al+3)
iv) Cations with inert gas configuration forms ionic compounds. But cations with pseudo inert gas configuration forms covalent compounds.
Ex : NaCl is ionic but ZnCl2 is covalent in nature.
Na+(2,8) ; Zn2+ (2, 8, 18)

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