State the universal law of gravitation and express it mathematically

Every two masses attract each other with a force directly proportional to product of their masses and inversely proportional to square of distance between them. :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}

Mathematical form:

F = G · (m₁ × m₂) / r²

Where F is gravitational force, m₁, m₂ are masses, r is distance between their centers, and G is gravitational constant (~6.674×10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg²). :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}