State whether the given statement is true or false.

1. In simple terms, twinkling of stars is caused by the passing of light through different layers of a turbulent atmosphere.

2. The sun, after sunset, is setting below the horizon. Now, the apparent position of the sun is visible to us and not the actual position. This is because of the atmospheric refraction.

3. Blue light is scattered in all directions by the tiny molecules of air in Earth's atmosphere. Blue is scattered more than other colours because it travels as shorter, smaller waves.

4. Light other than red is mostly scattered away. Most of the red light, which is the least scattered, enters our eyes. Hence, the sun and the sky appear red.

Question

State whether the given statement is true or false.

1. In simple terms, twinkling of stars is caused by the passing of light through different layers of a turbulent atmosphere.

2. The sun, after sunset, is setting below the horizon. Now, the apparent position of the sun is visible to us and not the actual position. This is because of the atmospheric refraction.

3. Blue light is scattered in all directions by the tiny molecules of air in Earth's atmosphere. Blue is scattered more than other colours because it travels as shorter, smaller waves.

4. Light other than red is mostly scattered away. Most of the red light, which is the least scattered, enters our eyes. Hence, the sun and the sky appear red.

Accepted Answer

The given statement is true.Concept- Refraction is the phenomenon of waves altering when they pass through a single material. When light travels from one medium to another, refraction causes the ray's direction to alter. These all result from distinct types of light refraction. Twinkling of stars (A): This phenomena is visible to humans because sunlight continuously changes the atmospheric density of the upper atmosphere's layers. The density of the atmosphere affects the intensity of light as it rises or falls in any of the atmospheric levels. (B) Early dawn and later sunset: Before sunrise, sunlight passes through heavier air to less dense air, causing light to refract and appear to come from above the horizon while, in fact, the sun is below the horizon. It appears as though the sun has risen and is shining directly. It is the cause of the early dawn. The sun sets after descending below the horizon. Sunlight rays refract as they go from denser to less dense air, giving the impression that the sun is above the horizon while, in fact, it is now below it. It appears like the sun is still shining and that evening has not yet occurred. The delayed sunset is a result of this. (C) The sky is bluer between sunrise and sunset because the sun is higher in the sky during these times. Since blue light has the shortest wavelength out of the seven hues that make up sunlight, it scatters most and gives the sky its blue tint.(D) Reddish hue of the sky at sunrise and sunset: The sun does not rise or set closer to the observer than it does at other times of the day. Since red light has the longest wavelength out of the seven hues of sunlight, it scatters less and gives the sky its reddish hue at dawn and dusk. Hence, the given statement is true.

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