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Q.

Study the following

IKm value   Affinity of the enzyme     Inverse measure enzyme affinity
IIHydrolases  P-O bonds  Linking 2 compounds
IIITransferasesTransfer of a groupInhibitor of reaction
IVEmil FisherLock and key hypothesis Formation of ES complex

Identify the correct combinations.                                       

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a

I, IV

b

I, III

c

II, III

d

II, IV

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Km is a measure of enzyme affinity. It is the substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is half of the maximum rate and is an inverse measure of enzyme affinity - a lower Km value indicates higher affinity of the enzyme for its substrate.

Emil Fisher proposed the lock and key hypothesis, which suggests that the binding between an enzyme and its substrate is highly specific, like a key fitting into a lock. This binding results in the formation of an enzyme-substrate complex (ES complex), which then undergoes a chemical reaction to form the product.

Hydrolases break down the P-O bonds in molecules such as nucleotides and phospholipids, linking two compounds. They are involved in the breakdown of macromolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.

Transferases are enzymes catalysing a transfer of a group, G (other than hydrogen) between a pair of substrate S and S’.

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