The ____ was a region of geographical and ethnic variation comprising modern-day Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina etc.

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The Balkans was a region of geographical and ethnic variation comprising modern-day Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina etc.
One of the most serious sources of nationalist tensions in Europe after 1871 was the region known as the Balkans. It comprised modern Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Slovenia, Serbia and Montenegro, whose inhabitants are widely known as Slavs. Most of the Balkans were controlled by the Ottoman Empire. The spread of ideas of romanticism and nationalism in the Balkans, with the breakup of the Ottoman Empire, made the region extremely explosive. Throughout the nineteenth century, the Ottoman Empire sought to strengthen itself through modernisation and internal reforms but with little success. One by one, the Balkan nationalities declared independence. They used their history to prove that they were once independent but later conquered by foreign powers. So the rebel nationalists in the Balkans saw their struggles as attempts to regain their long-lost independence.

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