The breaking down of the complex components of food into simpler substances is known as [[1]].

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answer is DIGESTION.

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Detailed Solution

The breaking down of the complex components of food into simpler substances is known as digestion.

The food that we consume contains a number of complex substances like carbohydrates which cannot be utilized by the body as such.

These complex substances have to be broken into smaller substances like glucose, which can be absorbed and utilized by the body for energy production.

This process of breaking down the complex components of food into simpler substances is known as digestion.

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