The electron displacements due to the influence of an atom or a substituent group present in the molecule cause

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permanent polarisation of the bond

temporary cleavage of the bond

permanent cleavage of the bond

temporary polarisation of the bond

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

The electron displacements due to the influence of an atom or a substituent group present in the molecule cause permanent polarisation of the bond. Inductive effect and resonance effects are examples of .this type of electron displacements.
This effect is passed on to the other carbon, that decreases rapidly as the number of intervening bonds increases and becomes vanishingly small after three bonds.

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