The electronic configuration of a magnesium atom is 2, 8, 2 and that of chlorine atom is 2, 8,7. The formula of the compound formed by magnesium and chlorine is

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MgCl4

MgCl5

MgCl2

MgCl

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

The formula of the compound formed by magnesium and chlorine is MgCl2.
The electronic configuration of magnesium (Mg) is 2, 8, 2, which means Mg can lose two electrons from its valence shell to achieve noble gas configuration. Similarly, chlorine (Cl) will attain a noble configuration after gaining one electron in its valence shell as its electronic configuration is 2, 8, 7. Whenever Mg and Cl form a bond, two chlorine atoms are required to form a bond with one Mg atom. The valency of magnesium is 2 and valency if chlorine is 1.
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Therefore, the formula of the compound formed by magnesium and chlorine is MgCl2.

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