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Q.

The end of a capillary tube with a radius r is immersed into water and the water rises up inside the tube in steady state (T is the surface tension and ρ is the density of water).

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a

The water rises to a height h=2Tρgr

b

The forces of surface tension perform the work =4πT2/ρg

c

The heat evolved during the process is 2πT2/ρg

d

The potential energy of water increases by 2πT2/ρg

answer is A, B, C, D.

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Detailed Solution

The water rises to a height h=2Tρgr
The P.E of water column is Ep=mgh2=2πT2ρg
The forces of surface tension perform the work W=2πrTh=4πT2ρg
One half of this work goes to increase the and the other half to evolve heat
Hence Q=2πT2ρg.

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The end of a capillary tube with a radius r is immersed into water and the water rises up inside the tube in steady state (T is the surface tension and ρ is the density of water).