The female reproductive organ where fertilization occurs is:
(a) Ovary
(b) Fallopian tube (Oviduct)
(c) Uterus
(d) Vagina

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Detailed Solution

The correct answer is (b) Fallopian tube (Oviduct)

In human females, fertilization – the process where the male gamete (sperm) fuses with the female gamete (egg/ovum) – takes place in the fallopian tube, also called the oviduct.

After ovulation, the ovary releases a mature egg.
This egg enters the fallopian tube, where it stays for about 24 hours.
During sexual reproduction, sperm travel through the vagina → uterus → fallopian tube.
If a sperm meets the egg here, fertilization occurs, forming a zygote.
The zygote then travels to the uterus, where it implants and begins development.

Why Not the Other Options?

Ovary: Produces eggs but fertilization does not occur here.
Uterus: Serves as the site for implantation and development of the embryo, not for fertilization.
Vagina: Receives sperm but does not participate in fertilization.

Hence, the fallopian tube is the exact site of fertilization in human beings.

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