The final proof for DNA as the genetic material came from the experiments of

Hershey and Chase gave the fi nal proof for genetic material as DNA by conducting transduction experiments using bacteriophages and E. coli. They used the isotopes ³²P and ³⁵S.
(2) Avery, Macleod and McCarty established the biochemical principle of transformation as DNA but not RNA
and protein.
(3) H. Khorana was associated with artificial synthesis of gene and RNA by devising a chemical method. He contributed to the discovery or cracking of genetic code for some amino acids.
(4) Griffith discovered transformation in pneumococcus while searching for genetic material.