The gravitational force with which a body is attracted toward the earth is ______________.
Complete the sentence with the suitable option.

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Minimum at the equator and maximum at the poles.

Maximum at the tropic of cancer.

Maximum at the equator and minimum at the poles.

The same at all the places on the earth's surface.

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Acceleration due to gravity at the earth's surface is given by $g = \frac{G M}{R^{2}}$
Where M and R are the mass and the radius of the earth, respectively and G is the Gravitational constant.
$\Rightarrow g α \frac{1}{R^{2}}$ (for constant M)
Gravitational acceleration is inversely proportional to the square of the distance of the body from the centre of the earth which means that as the distance grows, the gravitational acceleration decreases.
We know that the earth is not perfectly spherical. The distance of the equator from the centre of the earth is greater than that of the poles.
The equator experiences less gravitational acceleration than the poles. Therefore, it is clear that the gravitational force is minimum at the equator and maximum at the poles.