Q.

The high osmolarity of the renal medulla is maintained by all the following, except  

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a

countercurrent flow of blood in the two limbs of vasa recta

b

countercurrent flow of filtrate in the two limbs of Henle’s loop

c

reabsorption of urea from the thin segment of the ascending limb of Henle’s loop

d

the proximity between the Henle’s loop and vasa recta

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

The high osmolarity of the renal medulla is maintained by the secretion of urea from the thin segment of the ascending limb of Henle's loop. Urea contributes to the concentration gradient in the medulla, which is essential for the reabsorption of water in the collecting ducts. This mechanism plays a crucial role in the kidney's ability to regulate water balance and concentrate urine.

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