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'A’ is HCHO

‘B’ may be p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol

‘B’ may be o-hydroxybenzyl alcohol

Formation of B involves electrophilic substitution reaction

answer is B, C.

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Detailed Solution

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From the above reaction it is clear that reactant A is formaldehyde and product B is ortho-hydroxymethyl phenol.

Phenols reacts with formaldehyde in acidic medium to form ortho and para hydroxymethyl phenols but our concern is with ortho product which on further reaction with phenol form a linear polymer, called Novolac.

In industries, novolac is used as a replacement of natural resins such as shellac.

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