The lower horizons of the arid soil are occupied by kankar due to increasing

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Calcium content

Potash content

Lime, potash and phosphorus content

Phosphorus content

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Detailed Solution

The lower horizons of the arid soil are occupied by kankar due to increased calcium content.
Arid soil consists of high calcium carbonates, gypsum, and also sodium. This soil is high in salt content as the water evaporates due to increasing temperature and dry weather; the soil lacks moisture and humus; therefore, the soil is infertile. This makes it less suitable for growing crops like paddy, wheat, etc. However, the presence of the kankar layer in its lower horizons restricts the infiltration of the water. Therefore it increases the soil moisture content suitable for plant growth. The Kankar layer in the arid soil comprises high calcium carbonate and sodium chloride.

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