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Q.

The magnetic field at the centre of a circular coil of radius r is π times that due to a long straight wire at a distance r from it, for equal currents. Figure here shows three cases; in all cases the circular part has radius r and straight ones are infinitely long. For same current, the B field at the
centre P in cases 1, 2, 3 have the ratio

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a

π2:  π2:   3π412  

b

π2+1:  π2+1:   3π4+12  

c

π2  :  π2  :  3π4

d

π21:  π214:   3π4+12

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Case 1:

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BA=μ04π  .  ir  BB=μ04π  .  πir  BC=μ04π  .  ir  

So, net magnetic field at the centre of case 1,

B1  =BBBC    BAB1  =μ04π.  πir       ...i

Case 2: Magnetic field at the centre O in this case

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B2  =μ04π.  πir       ...ii

Case 3: BA = 0

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BB  =μ04π.  2ππ/2ir    =  μ04π.3πi2rBC  =μ04π.ir

So, net magnetic field at the centre of case 3,

B3  =μ04π.ir3π21       .....iii

From equations (i), (ii) and (iii),

B1:B2  :  B3=π    :  π    :  3π21=π2  :  π2  :  3π412

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