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Q.
The magnitude of electric field due to a point charge 2q, at distance r is E. Then the magnitude of electric field due to a uniformly charged thin spherical shell of radius R with total charge q at a distance – (r >> R) will be
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a
2E
b
4E
c
0
d
E/4
answer is C.
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Detailed Solution
Step 1: Electric Field due to a Point Charge
The electric field, E, due to a point charge Q at a distance r is given by Coulomb's Law:
E = k * Q / r²
Where:
- k is Coulomb's constant (9 × 109 N·m²/C²).
- Q is the magnitude of the charge.
- r is the distance from the charge.
Step 2: Electric Field due to the Spherical Shell
For a uniformly charged thin spherical shell with a total charge q and radius R, the electric field outside the shell (at a distance r from the center, where r > R) behaves as if all the charge were concentrated at the center of the shell. Thus, the electric field at a distance r from the center of the shell is given by the formula:
E_shell = k * q / r²
Where:
- q is the total charge on the spherical shell.
- r is the distance from the center of the spherical shell.
Step 3: Calculate the Electric Field at Distance r
Given that r ≫ R (the distance is much greater than the radius of the shell), we can directly use the formula for the electric field due to the spherical shell:
E_shell = k * q / r²
This electric field is similar to that of a point charge q located at the center of the spherical shell.
Step 4: Relate the Electric Field to the Point Charge
Now, we are given that the electric field due to a point charge of magnitude 2q at a distance r is E:
E = k * (2q) / r²
We can now express the electric field due to the spherical shell in terms of this known value of E.
Step 5: Finding the Electric Field due to the Shell
The electric field due to the spherical shell at distance r can be written as:
E_shell = k * q / r²
We can express q in terms of 2q (since the field due to the point charge of 2q is E):
E_shell = (k * q / r²) = (1/2) * (k * (2q) / r²)
Substituting E for (k * (2q) / r²), we get:
E_shell = (1/2) * E
Conclusion
Thus, the magnitude of the electric field due to a uniformly charged thin spherical shell at a distance r (where r ≫ R) is:
E_shell = 1/2 * E