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Q.

The material whose refractive index is maximum in nature is [[1]].

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Detailed Solution

The material whose refractive index is maximum is diamond.
The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in a certain medium is known as the refractive index of that medium. We know that the speed of light in a vacuum is constant, so when the speed of light is minimum for a medium. Then, the refractive index can be maximum.

Refractive index for a certain medium, μ

= Speed of light in vacuum / Speed of light in that medium

.
For diamonds, the speed of light is minimum.
Speed of light in diamond =

1.24 \times 10^{8} m / s

. Its refractive index is given by

μ_{diamond} = speed of light in vacuum / speed of light in diamond

μ_{diamond} = 3 \times 10^{8} / 1.24 \times 10^{8} = 2.42 .

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