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Q.

The molecules BF3 and NF3 are covalent compounds. But BF3 is non-polar and NF3 is polar. The reason is

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a

Boron is a metal and nitrogen is a gas in uncombined state

 

b

BF3is planar but NF3 is pyramidal in shape

c

BF bonds have no dipole moment where as NF bonds have dipole moment

 

d

Atomic size of boron is smaller that that of nitrogen
 

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

It is given to find out the reason why  BF3 is non-polar and NF3 is polar. 

Explanation
BF3 is a triangular planar molecule whereas NF3 has pyramidal geometry.

The molecule BF3 and NF3, both are covalent compounds but BF3 is non-polar and NF3 is polar. The reason is that BF3 is a symmetrical molecule whereas NF3 is unsymmetrical.
In a symmetrical molecule, the individual bond dipoles cancel each other whereas, in unsymmetrical molecules, they do not.
BF3 is a triangular planar molecule whereas NF3 has pyramidal geometry.

So, option D is correct. 

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